CaesarBG5Vocab

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5.24

subdūco, -ĕre, -xi, -ctum: lead, lead away; draw up, beach

pĕrăgo, -ĕre, -ēgi, -actum: to finish, adjourn, wind up

siccĭtas, -ātis f.: dryness, drying up; drought

prōvĕnĭo, -īre, -vēni, -ventum: grow up, result

cōgo, -ĕre, cŏēgi, cŏactum: to be pressing; force, constrain; gather, rally; compel

ălĭtĕr adv.: otherwise, else, in another manner; in a different manner from

collŏco, -āre: place; place onboard; settle; arrange

confīnĭum, -i n.: neighborhood, contiguous territory

conscrībo, -ĕre, -psi, -ptum: enlist, enroll; write, compose

praesum, -esse, -fūi: be at the head of; be in charge of

distrĭbŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ūtum: allot to, distribute amongst; assign

făcĭlĕ adv.: easily

ĭnŏpĭa, -ae f.: lack, want

mĕdĕor, -ēri: remedy

hībernus, -a, -um: referring to winter; hīberna, -ōrum n.: winter quarters

pācātus, -a, -um: settled; peaceful, tranquil; calm; disposed to peace, peaceable

quĭētus, -a, -um: quiet, at rest

contĭnĕo, -ēre, -tĭnŭi, -tentum: bind together, connect; contain, hold; bound, surround, restrain, keep

quŏad adv.: as far as; until

mūnĭo, -īre: fortify; + castra: construct a camp; + iter: construct or protect a highway

cognosco, -ĕre, -gnōvi, -gnĭtum: understand, grasp, perceive, learn; find out

5.25

bĕnĕvŏlentĭa, -ae f.: loyalty, devotion; kindness, favor

singŭlāris, -e: distinguished, extraordinary, single

ūtor, -i, ūsus: use, employ; maintain; avail oneself of; employ; enjoy; practice; usus, -us m.: experience; use; handling

rēstĭtŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ūtum: re-establish, restore, rebuild

pălam adv.: openly

dēfĕro, -ferre: carry (the function in this and similar compounds of ‘de’ seems to be to denote complete motion to a terminus.)

pertĭnĕo, -ēre, -ŭi, -tentum: extend to; extend; belong to, bear upon, lead to

impulsus, -ūs m.: instigation

deficio, -ere, -feci, -fectum: revolt from, forsake, desert

cĕlĕrĭter adv.: speedily, rapidly, promptly, quickly

comprĕhendo, -ĕre, -ndi, -nsum: grasp, seize; hurriedly take; catch; arrest, take

5.26

rĕpentīnus, -a, -um: sudden

tŭmultus, -ūs m.: noise, uproar

dēfectĭo, -ōnis f.: defection, revolt

ŏrĭor, -īri, -ortus sum: to arise; arise, spring up; spring from, be descended from

praesto, -are, -stĭti: excel; (impers.) it is preferable; furnish, exhibit; adv.: at hand

comporto, -āre: gather, bring together, collect

concĭto, -āre: rouse, arouse, cause to rise

lignātor, -ōris m.: woodcutter, gatherer

vallum, -i n.: earthworks, rampart

ascendo, -ĕre, -ndi, -nsum: mount, ascend, climb, go up

ēmitto, -ĕre, -mīsi, -missum: send out, send forth; let fly, let go

ĕquester, -tris, -tre: of horsemen, referring to cavalry

oppugnātĭo, -ōnis f.: storming, assault, attack; mode of attack or assault

conclāmo, -āre: cry out loud

mos, mōris m.: custom, manner

conloquium, -ī n.: parley, conference; conversation, talk

prōdĕo, -īre, -ĭi, -ĭtum: go forth, come out; advance

contrōversĭa, -ae f.: dispute, quarrel, feud

mĭnŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ūtum: (intrans.) lessen; to decrease

5.27

missus, -ūs m.: sending, dispatch

bĕnĕfĭcĭum, -i n.: kindness, service

confĭtĕor, -ēri, -fessus: confess, admit

stīpendĭum, -i n.: tribute

fīnĭtĭmus, -a, -um: neighboring; subst.: neighbors

pendo, -ĕre, pĕpendi, pensum: hang, weigh; pay

consŭesco, -ĕre, -suēvi, -suētum: to become accustomed

quisque, quaeque, quodque: each one

oppugnatio, -ionis f.: storming, assault, attack

porro adv.: further

resistō, -ĕre, -stitī: maintain one’s position, hold one’s ground, resist

impĕrītus, -a, -um: inexperienced

confīdo, -ĕre, fĭsus sum: rely, trust

praesertim adv.: especially, particularly

rĕcĭpĕro, -āre: regain, recover

commūnis, -e: common, general

lībertas, -ātis f.: liberty, freedom

sătisfăcĭo, -ĕre, -fēci, -factum: make reparation

hospĭtĭum, -ĭi n.: guest-friendship, hospitality

consŭlo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -sultum: deliberate; to look out for

adsum, adesse, adfui: to be present, be at hand

bīduum, -ī n.: a space of two days

sentĭo, -īre, -nsi, -nsum: be aware, perceive, entertain an idea

pollĭcĕor, -ēri, -ĭtus: to hold forth, offer, promise anything

lĕvo, -āre: free, relieve

5.28

perturbo, -āre: throw into confusion; in pass.: loose one’s self-control; become disconcerted

neglĕgo, -ĕre, -exi, -ectum: neglect; treat lightly, ignore

hŭmĭlis, -e: of no rank, inferior, obscure

audĕo, -ēre, ausus: dare, essay

iniūssū, adverbial ablative: without orders

quantusvīs, -ăvis, -umvis: of whatever size, extent

sustĭnĕo, -ēre, -tĭnŭi, -tentum: sustain; withstand; bear; hold up, carry

impetus, -us m.: charge, attack, onslaught

infĕro, -ferre, intŭli, illātum: bear against; wage; inspire, rouse; cause, inflict

convĕnĭo, -īre, -vēni, -ventum: come together, meet; come to meeting

postrēmo adv.: finally

5.29

clāmĭto, -āre: scream, shout

călămĭtas, -ātis f.: disaster

occāsĭo, -ōnis f.: opportunity, stroke of arms, rapid feat

interfĭcĭo, -ĕre, -fēci, -fectum: kill, put to death, slay

contemptĭo, -ōnis f.: contempt

contŭmēlĭa, -ae f.: disgrace, insult; buffeting, hard usage

rĕdĭgo, -ĕre, redēgi, redactum: reduce, bring down; render

tutus, -a, -um: safe

praesens, -ntis: present

longinquus, -a, -um: distant, remote; lasting, long, protracted

obsĭdĭo, -ōnis f.: blockade, siege

5.30

dispŭtātĭo, -ōnis f.: debate, discussion

terrĕo, -ēre, -ŭi, -ĭtum: frighten

abs: a, ab

rĕposco, -ĕre: demand

pĕrendĭnus, -a, -um: after tomorrow

rĕlēgo, -āre: remove, banish

intĕrĕo, -īre, -ĭi, -ĭtum: perish

5.31

consurgo, -ĕre, -surrexi, -surrectum: rise together; + ex consilio: the council is adjourned

dissensĭo, -ōnis f.: dissension, disharmony

pertĭnācĭa, -ae f.: obstinacy

dēdūco, -ĕre, -xi, -ctum: bring off, lead away; lead into, bring; lead astray

perspĭcĭo, -ĕre, -spexi, -spectum: ascertain, see; understand, find out

dispŭtātĭo, -ōnis f.: debate, discussion

perdūco, -ĕre, -xi, -ctum: lead safely, bring to; draw out

consūmo, -ĕre, -mpsi, -mptum: spend, use up, consume

circumspĭcĭo, -ĕre, -exi, -spectum: examine carefully; look around for; look for

excōgĭto, -āre: contrive, think of

quārē adv.: wherefore, therefore

mănĕo, -ēre: remain

languor, -ōris m.: exhaustion, listlessness

persuādĕo, -ēre, -si, -sum: persuade, prevail upon

ămīcus, -a, -um: friendly; devoted

agmĕn, -ĭnis n.: army on the march, marching column

5.32

frĕmĭtus, -ūs m.: din, noise

prŏfectĭo, -ōnis f.: setting out, departure

bipertītō adv.: in two parts, corps

convallis, -is f.: valley (surrounded on all sides)

ascensus, -ūs m.: upward movement

ĭnīquus, -a, -um: unfavorable, unfair, unjust

proelĭum, -i n.: fighting; skirmish, engagement, battle

5.33

dēmum adv: at last, at length, not till then

prō-vĭdĕo, -ēre, -vīdi, -vīsum: to make provision for, procure, secure; attend to

trĕpĭdo, -āre: to be in a flutter

concurso, -āre: to run to and fro

dispōno, -ĕre, -pŏsŭi, -pŏsĭtum: place at intervals

prŏfectĭo, -ōnis f.: setting out, departure

auctor, -ōris m.: advocate, originator, designer

cŏhortor, -āri: cheer on, urge, call on

ŏbĕo, -īre, -ĭi, -ĭtum: discharge, attend to

prōnuntĭo, -āre: state publicly, declare; give out orders

cāsus, -ūs m.: happening, occurrence, contingency

rĕprĕhendo, -ĕre, -ndi, -nsum: to blame

incommŏdē adv.: disadvantageously

mĭnŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, ūtum: lessen; decrease

ălăcer, -cris, -cre: eager, brisk, cheerful

effĭcĭo, -ĕre, -fēci, -fectum: bring about, effect, realize; render; form; create, produce

dēspērātĭo, -ōnis f.: hopelessness, despair

arrĭpĭo, -ĕre, -rĭpŭi, -reptum: take up hurriedly

prŏpĕro, -āre: hasten

clāmor, -ōris m.: shouting

flētus, -ūs m.: weeping, wailing

complĕo, -ēre, -ēvi, -ētum: fill

5.34

prŏindē adv.: therefore

tămetsi conj.: although, even though

dēsĕro, -ĕre, -ŭi, -sertum: abandon

quŏtĭens adv.: as often as; how often

prōcurro, -ĕre, -curri, -cursum: run, run forward; dart forward; charge

cădo, -ĕre, cĕcĭdi, cāsum: fall

ănĭmadverto, -ĕre, -ti, -sum: notice, observe

cōnĭcĭo, -ĕre, -iēci, -iectum: hurl; drive; put, place; direct, construct

cēdo, -ĕre, -ssi, -ssum: give way, retreat

exercĭtātĭo, -ōnis f.: training

nŏcĕo, -ēre, -ŭi, -ĭtum: do harm to, inflict injury upon

rĕcĭpĭo, -ĕre, -cēpi, -ceptum: give shelter to, receive

insĕquor, -i, -cūtus: follow up, pursue

5.35

praecĭpĭo, -ĕre, -cēpi, -ceptum: order, prescribe; anticipate; praeceptum, -i n.: command, orders

dīlĭgens, -ntis: diligent, careful

quaepĭam adv.: to any place

vēlox, -ōcis: speedy, swift

rĕfŭgĭo, -ĕre, -fūgi: flee back, retreat, make good one’s escape

nūdo, -āre: to bare

circumvĕnĭo, -īre: surround, outflank, cut off, outwit

sin: but if

confertus, -a, -um: compact, in close array, crowded

vīto, -āre: avoid

conflicto, -āre: harass

fortis, -e: brave, valiant, stout of heart

fĕmur, -ĭnis n.: thigh

trāgŭla, -ae f.: javelin

trāĭcĭo, -ĕre, -iēci, -iectum: pierce

funda, -ae f.: sling

5.36

interprĕs, -ĕtis m.: interpreter

rŏgo, -āre: beg, request, ask for; enlist

parco, -ĕre, pĕperci, parsum: to spare; to save, having regard for

lĭcet: it is permitted, one may

impĕtro, -āre: obtain, succeed in obtaining

pertĭnĕo, -ēre, -ŭi, -tentum: extend to; belong to, bear upon, lead to

saucĭus, -a, -um: wounded, bleeding

excēdo, -ĕre, -cessi, -cessum: go out of, withdraw from; advance out of

persĕvēro, -āre: persist

5.37

praesentĭa, -ae f.: the present, presence

accēdo, -ĕre, -cessi, -cessum: approach, arise, grow, be added

iubeō, -ēre, -ssī, -ssum: command, order

ăbĭcĭo, -ĕre, -iēci, -iectum: throw away, hurl

condĭcĭo, -ōnis f.: agreement, proposal, terms; status, condition

instĭtŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ūtum: set up, undertake, begin

ŭlŭlātŭs, -ūs m.: howling, shouting

impĕtus, -ūs m.: charge, attack, onslaught; fury, rush

aegrē adv.: barely, with difficulty

oppugnātĭo, -ōnis f.: storming, assaulting, attack

sustĭnĕo, -ēre, -tĭnŭi, -tentum: sustain, withstand, bear

noctu adv.: by night

dēspērātus, -a, -um: desperate

interfĭcĭo, -ĕre, -fēci, -fectum: kill, put to death, slay

ēlābor, -i, -lapsus: escape from

gĕro, -ĕre, gessi, gestum: carry on, to fight; deal a successful blow; wage a war

5.38

pĕdĭtātus, -ūs m.: infantry

concĭto, -āre: rouse, arouse, cause to rise

postĕrus, -a, -um: next

ulciscor, -i, -ultus: punish, revenge oneself upon

dīmitto, -ĕre: send in all directions, dispatch; dismiss, send away

intĕrĕo, -īre, -ĭi, -ĭtum: perish

nĕgōtĭum, -i n.: business; task; trouble

hĭĕmo, -āre: pass the winter, to winter

adiūtor, ōris m.: assistant, supporter

5.39

confestim adv.: promptly, with all haste

cōgo, -ĕre, cŏēgi, cŏactum: to be pressing, force, constrain

imprōvīsus, -a, -um: unexpectedly, without notice

advŏlo, -āre: fly to, move with great rapidity

perfĕro, -ferre: endure

lignātĭo, -ōnis f.: a procuring of wood

discēdo, -ĕre, -cessi, cessum: to go away, depart, quit

rĕpentīnus, -a, -um: sudden

intercĭpĭo, -ĕre, -cēpi, -ceptum: intercept

conscendo, -ĕre, -ndi, -nsum: mount, climb up

sustento, -āre: hold out, maintain oneself; endure

pōno, -ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum: place, establish

ădĭpiscor, -i, -eptus: achieve

victor, -ōris m.: victor, winner

5.40

turris, -is f.: tower; siege-tower

admŏdum adv.: very, very much

ŏpus, -ĕris n.: work, fortification, siege work

perfĭcĭo, -ĕre, -fēci, -fectum: accomplish, carry through; build, construct

prīdĭē adv.: on the day before

resistō, -ere, -stitī: maintain one’s position, hold one’s ground, resist

dĕinceps: one after another, in turn, in succession

vulnĕro, -āre: to wound

quĭētus, -a, -um: quiet, at rest

praeūro, -ĕre, -ussi, -ustum: burn at the point

sŭdis, -is f.: post, picket, stake

mūrālis, -e: of the wall, mural

pīlum, -i n.: Roman spear

pinna, -ae f.: bulwark

crātis, -is f.: hurdle, wickerwork

attexo, -ere, -xui, -xtum: construct upon

tĕnŭis, -e: insignificant, precarious

vălētūdo, -ĭnis f.: health; state of health

concursus, -ūs m.: running together, rally

parco, -ĕre, pĕperci, parsum: to spare; save, have regard for

5.41

oppugno, -āre: assault, attack, storm

quisquam: indef. pronoun: whoever, whichever

praesĭdĭum, -i n.: garrison

rĕcūso, -āre: refuse

invĕtĕrasco, -ĕre, -āvi: gain a permanent foothold, become established

nōlo, nolle, nōlŭi: to be unwilling

incŏlŭmis, -e: unharmed, safe, without loss

pĕto, -ĕre, -īvi, -ītum: seek, make a request, ask for

impĕtro, -āre: obtain, succeed in obtaining

5.42

dŏcĕo, -ēre, -cŭi, -ctum: teach, explain; give information, explain

ĭdōnĕus, -a, -um: suitable

circumcīdo, -ĕre, -cīdi, -cīsum: cut out, isolate

săgŭlum, -i n.: military cloak

exhaurĭo, -īre, -hausi, -stum: remove

circŭĭtus, -ūs m.: periphery, circumference

falx, -cis f.: scythe

5.43

cŏŏrĭor, -īri, -ortus: to rise, start up, break forth

fervĕo, -ēre, -bŭi: be glowing, red hot

fūsĭlis, -e: baked

argilla, -ae f.: clay

glans, -ndis f.: acorn, leaden bullet

fervĕfăcĭo, -ĕre, fēci, factum: heat, melt; make red hot, glowing

iaculum, -ī n.: javelin

strāmentum, -i n.: straw; pack saddle

explōrātus, -a, -um: assured

scālae, -ārum f.: ladder

torero, -ēre, -ui, tostum: roast, parch, singe

conflāgro, -āre: be in flames

dēmīgro, -āre: move away; abandon a position

constīpo, -āre: crowd together

rĕcessus, -ūs m.: retreat, opportunity of falling back

nutus, -us m.: nod, beck; gestures, gesticulations

dēturbo, -āre: drive off

5.44

sĭmultas, -ātis f.: feud, quarrel

irrumpo, -ĕre, -rūpi, -ruptum: burst into, dart upon

vĕrūtum, -i n.: javelin

baltĕus, -i m.: belt

āverto, -ĕre, -ti, -sum: to turn away, aside

dīiūdicō, -āre: decide

antĕfĕro, -ferre: prefer

mūnītĭo, -ōnis f.: construction, fortitying

contĭnĕo, -ēre, -tĭnŭi, -tentum: bind together, connect; contain, hold; restrain

existĭmātĭo, -ōnis f.: opinion

subsĕquor, -i, -secūtus: follow closely, on the heels

mĕdĭōcris, -e: moderately large, not large, ordinary

prōtĕgo, -ĕre, -xi, -ctum: cover

transfīgo, -ĕre, -xi, -xum: pierce

dēfīgo, -ĕre, -xi, -xum: set down firmly, plant firmly, fix

cōnor, -āri: attempt, try, undertake

mŏror, -āri: delay

succurro, -ĕre, -curri, -cursum: run to aid, hasten to aid

commĭnus adv.: at close quarters, in hand to hand conflict

dēĭcĭo, -ĕre, -iēci, -iectum: throw down from; drive

concēdo, -ĕre, -cidi, -cisum: go, depart, withdraw

ambo: both

complūres, -ia, -ium: quite a number

contentĭo, -ōnis f.: struggle, contest

5.45

asper, -ĕra, -ĕrum: desperate, critical

crēber, -bra, -brum: frequently recurring, numerous

crŭcĭātus, -ūs m.: torture

intus adv.: within, inside

illĭgo, -āre: bind on, tie on, fasten, attach

5.46

commŏdus, -a, -um: suitable, fitting, good, effective; commŏdum, -i n.: advantage, interest, convenience

5.47

attrĭbŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ūtum: allot, assign, put in charge of

tŏlĕro, -āre: endure; hold out, sustain

dēvĕho, -ĕre, -xi, -ctum: transport

intĕrĭtus, -ūs m.: destruction, ruin, annihilation

consido, -ere, -sedi, -sessum: take position

5.48

rĕdĕo, -īre: come back, return

quantoque: indef. pro.: however much

dēiectus, -ūs m.: slope, abrupt flank

āmentum, -i n.: thong, strap

dēlĭgo , āre: tie fast, tie to

adsum, adesse, adfui: to be present, be at hand; to be near at hand

pristinus, -a, -um: previous; former; tried, oldtime

turris, -is f.: tower

ădhaeresco, -ĕre, -haesi, -haesum: cling to, stick to

dēmo, -ĕre, dempsi, demptum: take down, off

conventus, -ūs m.: meeting, conference

rĕcĭto, -āre: read out (aloud)

incendĭum, -ĭi n.: a burning, fire, conflagration

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