CaesarBG1Vocabulary

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1.1

Gallia, -ae, f.: Gaul, roughly equivalent to modern France

Galli , -ōrum m.: Gauls, people from Gaul.

dī-vĭdo, -ĕre, vīsi, -vīsum: divide

in-cŏlo, -ĕre, -lŭi: to inhabit, dwell in

institutum, -i, n.: fixed course or principle; habit, institution, custom

proptĕrĕā for that cause, on that account; proptĕrĕā quod, 'for the reason that', 'because'

cultus, -ūs, m.: training, education, culture

hūmānĭtas, -ātis, f.: liberal education, elegance of manners or language, refinement

mĭnĭmē: superl. adv. least

mercātor, -ōris, m.: trader, merchant

com-mĕo, -āre: go up and down, come and go, visit frequently

ef-fēmĭno, -āre: to make womanish, enervate, weaken

per-tĭnĕo, -ēre, -tinŭi: relate to, belong to

importo, -āre: bring in, import; introduce; bring upon, cause

Germani, -orum m.: Germani, or Germans

Rhenus, -i m.: the river Rhenus, the Rhine.

Helvetii, -orum m.: the Helvetii or Helvetians. historical map

contĭnenter: adv., continuously, without interruption

prae-cēdo, -ĕre, -cessi, -cessum: go before, precede; surpass, excel

fines, -ium f. pl.: borders, and hence territory, land, country enclosed within boundaries

ob-tĭnĕo, -ēre, -tĭnŭi, -tentum: hold, possess, keep possession of

ĭnĭtĭum , -ĭi n.: beginning

căpĭo, -ĕre, cēpi, captum: to have, seize, take

at-tingo, -ĕre, tĭgi, tactum: to touch

Rhodanus, -i m.: the river Rhodanus, the Rhone (Walker)

septentrĭōnes, -um, m. pl.: the north

ŏrĭor, oriri, ortus sum: arise, spring from, proceed from

occāsus , -ūs m.: setting (of the heavenly bodies); the west

vergo , -ĕre: to bend, turn, incline; lie, be situated

1.2

nobilis, -e: well-known, distinguished, noted; of noble birth, noble; as noun, a noble

dīves, -ĭtis: rich; superl. dītissimus

in-dūco, -ĕre, -xi, -ctum: lead in; move, excite, persuade, mislead, seduce

coniūrātiō, -ōnis f.: swearing together; union confirmed by an oath; conspiracy

nōbĭlĭtas, ātis, f.: the nobility, the nobles, the aristocracy

cīvĭtas, -ātis f.: the citizens united in a community, the body-politic, the state

imperium, -i n.: authority, sway, supreme power, dominion, sovereignty

pŏtĭor, -īrī, -ītus sum: to become master of, to take possession of, to get, obtain, acquire (+ abl.)

per-suādĕo, -ēre, -si, -sum: to persuade, convince of a fact; persuade, prevail upon

per-făcĭlis, -e: very easy

praesto, -āre, -stĭti, -stĭtum: excel, be superior to (+ dat.)

con-tĭnĕo, -ēre, -tĭnŭi, -tentum: keep in, surround, contain; hold back, restrain

Iura, -ae, f.: the Jura mountains, a small mountain range north of the Alps.

Lemannus, -i m.: Lake Lemannus, better Lake Leman or the Lake of Geneva. satellite image

văgor, -āri, -ātus sum: wander, roam, range

fīnĭtĭmus, -a, -um: neighboring, adjacent

bello, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: wage war

cŭpĭdus, -a, -um: desirous, eager, keen; ambitious, eager for

adficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectus: influence, work upon; affect by, treat with

angustus, -a, -um: narrow

fortĭtūdo, -ĭnis f.: strength, bravery, courage

arbĭtror, -āri: think, judge

păteo, -ēre: to be open, stand open, lie open; extend

1.3

ad-dūco,-ĕre, -xi, -ctum: prompt, induce, prevail upon, persuade, move, incite

auctōrĭtas, -ātis f.: clout, influence

per-mŏvĕo, -ēre, -mōvi, -mōtum: to stir up, rouse up, excite; to influence, lead, induce, persuade, prevail on

con-stĭtŭo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ūtum: decide

per-tĭnĕo, -ēre, -ŭi: belong, relate, concern, pertain or have reference to any thing

prŏfĭciscor, -ficisci, -fectus sum: to start forward, set out, depart

com-păro, -āre: prepare, get ready

iūmentum, -ī n.: beast of burden

cŏ-ĕmo, -ĕre, -ēmi, -emptum: buy in large quantities, buy up

sēmentis, -is f.: a sowing, planting

suppĕto, -ĕre, -īvi or ĭi, -ītum: be in store, be at hand; suffice

confĭcĭo, -ĕre, -fēci, -fectum: to make together; bring about, accomplish

bĭennĭum, -i n.: space of two years

duco, -ere, duxi, ductum: consider

prŏfectĭo, -ōnis f.: departure

dē-lĭgo, -ĕre, -lēgi, -lectum: choose, select

Casticus, -i m. a Gallic chieftain

Catamantaloedis, -is m. a Gallic chieftain, father of Casticus

regnum, -i, n.: dominion, sovereignty, rule, authority

occŭpo, -āre: take possession of, seize

Dumnorix, -igis m.: Dumnorix, a Aeduan chieftan, brother of Diviacus

Aeduus, -a, -um: of the Aedui, one of the most powerful of the Gallic tribes

Diviciacus, -i m.: a chief of the Aedui, friendly to the Romans

princĭpātus, ūs, m.: the chief place in the state or the army, the post of commander-in-chief

plebs, plebis f.: the people, common people, the masses

acceptus, -a, -um: welcome, pleasant, agreeable

prŏbo, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to make acceptable, to recommend; aliquid alicui, to convince one of any thing

dŭbĭum, -i, n.: doubt

quīn: (after words expressing doubt, ignorance, etc.) 'that'

concĭlĭo, -āre: to procure, provide, prepare, produce something for one

iūs iūrandum: an oath

firmus, -a, -um: firm, strong, stout

1.4

indĭcĭum, -ĭi n.: information, disclosure, evidence

ēnuntĭo, -āre: tell, disclose; declare, announce

cōgo, -ĕre, cŏēgi, cŏactum: compel

damno, -āre: condemn, sentence, punish

ŏportet, -tēre, -tŭit: it behooves, it is proper, one should or ought

ignis, -is, m.: fire

crĕmo, -āre: burn, consume by fire

constĭtūtus, -a, -um: arranged, set

dictĭo, -ōnis f.: a saying, speaking, uttering

iūdicium, -ī n.: trial, legal investigation; jurisdiction; power of discernment, judging

ŏbaerā-tus, -i, m.: a person involved in debt, a debtor

ē-rĭpĭo, -ĕre, -ĭpŭi, -eptum: snatch away, tear out; snatch, free, rescue

incĭto, -āre: rouse, excite

exsĕquor, -sequi, -secūtus sum: pursue, follow to the end, prosecute, carry out

cōnor, -āri, -ātus sum: undertake, endeavor, attempt, exert oneself, strive

măgistrātus, -ūs m.: magistrate, state official

suspīcĭo, -ōnis, f.: suspicion

quīn: (after words expressing doubt, ignorance, etc.) 'that'

conscisco, -ĕre, -scīvi or -scĭi, -scītum: bring on oneself, inflict on oneself

1.5

exĕo, -īre, -ĭi, -ĭtum: go out, go away, go forth

vīcus, -i m.: village

quādringenti, -ae, -a: four hundred

aedĭfĭcĭum, -i n.: a building

incendo, -ĕre, -cendi, -censum: kindle, set fire, burn

praeterquam: adv., besides, except

combūro, -urĕre, -ussi, -ustum: to burn up, consume entirely

rĕdĭtĭo , -ōnis f.: a going back, a return

tollo, -ĕre, sustŭli, sublātum: remove

sŭb-ĕo, -īre, -ĭi, -ĭtum: undergo, submit to

mŏlo, -ĕre, -ŭi, -ĭtum: grind in a mill

cĭbārĭa, -ōrum n.: food, rations

ascisco, -ĕre, ascīvi, ascītum: receive, admit; adopt, take to oneself

1.6

omnīno: adv., altogether, entirely, wholly

Sequani, -orum: the Sequani, a Gallic people who occupied the upper river basin of the Arar (Saône), the valley of the Doubs and the Jura Mountains, their territory corresponding to Franche-Comté and part of Burgundy.

Iura, -ae, f.: the Jura mountains, a small mountain range north of the Alps.

angustus, -a, -um: narrow

singŭli, -ae, -a: single, separate, inividual

carrus, -i m.: wagon

dūco, -ĕre, duxi, ductum: draw

impendĕo, ēre: to hang over any thing, to overhang

perpaucī, -ae, -a: very few

ex-pĕdīte: adv., without impediment, without difficulty, readily, promptly, quickly

fines, -ium f. pl.: borders, and hence territory, land, country enclosed within boundaries

Helvetii, -orum m.: the Helvetii or Helvetians. historical map

Allobroges, -um, m. pl.: the Allobroges, a Celtic tribe of ancient Gaul, located between the Rhône River and the Lake of Geneva in what later became Savoy, Dauphiné, and Vivarais.

pāco, -āre: pacify, make peaceful

Rhodanus, -i m.: the river Rhodanus, the Rhone

vădum, i, n.: a shallow place in water, a shallow, shoal, ford

trans-ĕo, -īre, -īvi or -ĭi, -ĭtum: go over, cross, pass over

Genava, -ae f.: Genava, a city of the Allobroges, now Geneva

pons, pontis, f.: bridge

per-tĭnĕo, -ēre, -ŭi,: to stretch out, reach, extend to a place

per-suādĕo, -ēre, -si, -sum: to persuade, convince of a fact; persuade, prevail upon

existĭmo, -āre: judge a thing according to its value; form a judgment; consider, regard

Kalendae, -arum f.: the Calends, the first day of the Roman month

1.7

contendo, -ĕre, -tendi, tentum: stretch, strain; strive to get to a place, to seek to arrive at, to go, march, or journey hastily to

ĭter, ĭtĭnĕris, n.: a going to a distant place, a journey, a march; a journey, a march, considered as a measure of distance; iter unius diei, a day's journey; quam maximis itineribus potest, 'by making each day's journey as long as possible', i. e. forced marches

mātūro, -āre: to make haste or hasten to do a thing (+ infinitive)

ultĕrĭor, -ĭus: farther, on the farther side, that is beyond

lĕgĭo, ōnis, f.: a legion, the largest unit of the Roman army. It consisted in Caesar's day of about 4,800 heavily armed men.

rēscindo, -ĕre, -scĭdi, -scissum: tear back, tear away again, cut away

adventus, -ūs, m.: arrival

certus, -a, -um: certain, sure; certiorem facere aliquem (de aliquā re, alicuius rei, with acc. and inf., with a relative clause or absol.), to inform, apprise one of a thing

princeps, -ipis: adj., taking the first place; chief, most prominent, first; as a noun, chief or principal person, leader, chief.

lēgātĭo, -ōnis f.: delegated authority; office of an ambassador, commander, commander-in-chief; an embassy, legation

mălĕfĭcĭum, -ĭi n.: wrongdoing

voluntas, -tatis f. will; ad voluntatem, de, ex voluntate or just voluntate, according to the will, with the consent, at the desire of any one

occīdo, -ĕre, -cīdi, -cīsum: to strike down, beat to the ground, kill

pello, -ĕre, pĕpŭli, pulsum: strike; as a military term, to drive back, discomfit, rout (the enemy)

iugum, -ī n.: yoke or collar; cross-bar (Roman ‘yoke’)

concēdo, -ĕre, -cessi, -cessum: yield, grant a thing

făcultas , -ātis: f.: feasibility, possibility, opportunity, power, means

tempĕro, -āre: to moderate or restrain one's self; to forbear, abstain

existimo, -are: to judge, consider, suppose, think

spătĭum, -ii, n.: a space of time, interval, period

inter-cēdo, -ere, -cessi, -cessum: intervene, pass (of time)

dēlībĕro, -āre: weigh carefully, consult, consider

sūmo, -ĕre, sumpsi, sumptum: take

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Caesar Gallic War | Bibliography of Editions Used | Maps and Tools | About | Contact

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