BC 1 Vocab

1.1

reddō, reddere, reddidī, redditus: return, restore, deliver, render, translate

aegrē: scarcely, with difficulty, reluctantly

impetrō, -āre: obtain, procure, succeed

contentĭo, -ōnis, f.: effort, struggle after, exertion

rĕfĕro, rĕferre, rettŭli, rĕlātus: bring back, withdraw, return

dēsum, -esse, -fuī, dēfutūrus: be lacking, fail, abandon, neglect, be missing

polliceor, -ērī, -itus sum: promise

audācter: boldly

sententia, -ae, f.: opinion

sīn: but if, on the contrary

respiciō, -ere, -spēxī, -spectus: look back at, consider, respect

sequor, sequī, secūtus sum: follow, aim at, seek

auctōritās, -ātis, f.: authority, power, decree, influence

obtemperō, -āre: obey, comply with, submit to

quoque: likewise, also

amīcitia, -ae, f.: friendship

recipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptus: keep back, recover, accept, take in

cunctor, -ārī, -ātus sum: delay, impede, hesitate

lēnis, -e: smooth, mild, calm, slow

nēquīquam: in vain

implōrō, -āre: appeal to, invoke, beg

1.2

ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.: oration, speech

adsum, -esse, affuī, affuturus: be near/present

ingredior, -ī, -essus sum: advance, walk, enter, begin

oportet, -ēre, -uit: it is proper/becoming

dīlēctus, - ūs, m.: selection, levy, draft

exercitus, -ūs: army

cōnscrībō, -ere, -īpsī, -īptus: enroll, enlist, write down

praesidium, -ī, n.: protection, guard, garrison

tūtus, -a, -um: safe, guarded, out of danger

dēcernō, -ere, -crēvī, -crētus: decide, settle, declare, judge

audeō , -ēre, ausus sum: intend, dare, have courage, risk

cēnseō, -ēre, cēnsuī, cēnsus: think, judge, recommend, decree

proficīscor, -ī, -fectus: set out

ēripiō, -ere, -ipuī, -eptus: snatch away, take by force

retineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentus: hold back, restrain

ferē: almost, about, nearly

convīcium, -ī, n.: noise, outcry, clamor

corripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptus: seize, lay hold of, carry off

exagitō, -āre: drive out, stir up, harass, scold

prōnūntiō, -āre: announce, proclaim

omnīnō: entirely, altogether

discēdō, -ere, cessī, -cessus: depart, withdraw, dissipate

minae, -ārum, f.: threats

invītus, -a, -um: reluctant, unwilling

cōgō, -ere, coēgī, coāctus: force, compel

adversus: in opposition

cōnfēstim: immediately, suddenly, at once

intercessiō, -ōnis, f.: veto, intervention

acerbus, -a, -um: harsh, bitter, strident

crūdēlis, -e: cruel, severe, savage

collaudo, -āre: praise highly, commend

1.3

vespĕrus, -a, -um: evening

ōrdō, -inis, m.: rank, class

ēvocō, -āre: call forth, summon

cōnfīrmō, -āre: strengthen, make secure, reassure

sēgnis, -e: slow

castīgō, -āre: chastise, punish, correct

undique: from every direction

trādō, -ere, -didī, -ditus: hand over, surrender, deliver

arcessō, -ere, -īvī, -ītus: send for, summon

compleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -ētus: fill, crowd

clīvus, -ī, m.: slope, hill

comitium, -ī, n.: place of assembly

ēvŏcāti, -ōrum: re-enlisted soldiers

cōgō, -ere, coēgī, coāctus: congregate, gather

concurrō, -ere, -currī, -cursus: run together, agree, coincide

īnfīrmus, -a, -um: weak, fragile

item: likewise, also, similarly

doceō, -ēre, -uī, -ctus: teach, show, inform

cōnficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectus: make, prepare, complete, perform

postulō, -āre: ask for, require

voluntās, -ātis, f.: will, desire, purpose

prōpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positus: display, put forth, propose

1.4

dolor, -ōris, m.: pain, grief, resentment

aes, aeris, n.: bronze, money (aes alienum: debt)

māgnitūdō, -inis, f.: size, greatness, importance

largītiō, -ōnis, f.: generosity, largesse, bribery

impellō, -ere, -pulī, -pulsus: drive, urge on, push against

necessitūdō, -inis, f.: obligation, bond, connection, need

partior, -īrī, -ītus sum: share, divide up, distribute

arbitrō, -āre: think, consider, judge

iūdicium, -ī, n.: trial, legal action, court

adūlātiō, -ōnis, f.: flattery

ostentātiō, -ōnis, f.: exhibition, showing-off

polleō, -ēre: exert power or influence

exaequō, -āre: make equal

adfinitās, -ātis, f.: relationship, bond

iniungō, -ere, -ūnxī, -ūnctus: enjoin, charge, impose upon

īnfāmia, -ae, f.: disgrace

dominātus, -ūs, m.: rule, mastery, command

1.5

raptim: hurriedly, suddenly

turbatus, -a, -um: troubled, agitated

dēprecor -ārī, ātus: avert by prayer, seek to avoid

retineo, retinere, retinui, retentum: hold back, retain

facultas, -tatis, f.: ability, resource

tribuo, tribuere, tribui, tributus: divide, assign, grant

turbulentus, -a, -um: violently disturbed, riotous

denique: finally, in the end

consuesco, consuescere, consuevi, consuetus: accustom oneself, be accustomed

audacia, -ae, f.: courage, daring, audacity

detrimentum, -i, n.: harm, loss, damage

perscribo, -scribere, -scripsi, -scriptum: report, write out in full

ineo, inire, inii, initum: enter, begin, go in

comitialis, -e: pertaining to elections

amplus, -a, -um: great, distinguished, large

confero, conferre, contuli, collatus: bring together, gather

aequitas, -tatis, f.: justice, equality

otium, -i, n.: peace, calm

1.6

ostendeo, ostendere, ostendi, -: show, reveal, make clear

comperior, comperiri, compertus sum: discover, verify

alienus, -a, -um: foreign, unconnected, hostile

properus, -a, -um: quick

aerarium, -i, n.: public treasury

patior, pati, passus sum: endure, permit, suffer

obvenio, -venire, -veni, -ventum: come to, go to (by chance or lot)

praetereo, praeterire, praeterii, praeteritus: pass by, disregard, omit

sors, sortis, f.: lot

paludatus, -a, -um: wearing a military cloak

nuncupo, -are: vow, proclaim, name

vetustas, -tatis, f.: antiquity, old age

fanum, -i, n.: sanctuary, temple

permisceo, permiscere, permiscui, permixtus: mix thoroughly, confound

1.7

contionor, -ari, -atus sum: address, harangue

commemoro, -are: recall, relate, place on record

depravo, -are: distort, mislead, corrupt

queror, queri, questus sum: complain, protest

obtrectatio, -onis, f.: disparagement

laus, laudis, f.: praise, glory, renown

faveo, favere, favi, fautus: favor, befriend, support

adiutor, -oris, m.: assistant, supporter

noto, -are: mark, single out, reprimand

opprimo, opprimere, oppressi, oppressus: suppress, crush, overwhelm

nudo, -are: strip, lay bare

amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus: lose

adimo, adimere, ademi, ademptus: take away, deprive, steal

Quotienscumque: whenever

perniciosus, -a, -um: destructive, dangerous

editus, -a, -um: high

expio, -are: atone for, expiate

casus, -us, m.: fate, calamity

promulgo, -are: publish, make publicly known

paco, -are: pacify, subdue

existimatio, -onis, f.: opinion, reputation, esteem

tumultus, -us, m.: commotion, uprising, disturbance

1.8

hibernum, -i, n.: winter quarters

sermo, -onis, m.: conversation, speech

officium, -i: obligation, favor, duty

mandatum, -i, n.: order, charge

purgo, -are: cleanse, excuse

iracundia, -ae, f.: anger, resentment

irascor, irasci, iratus sum: be/become angry, feel resentment

noceo, nocere, nocui, nocitus: harm

1.9

levo, -are: lift up, alleviate

pertineo, -ere, pertinui, pertentus: reach, relate to, concern

nanciscor, nancisci, nactus sum: find, receive

quoniam: because

gravo, -are: weign down, oppress, accuse

postulatum, -i, n.: demand, request, claim

tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatus: lift, destroy, remove

doleo, dolere, dolui, dolitus: hurt, grieve; cause grief

contumelia, -ae, f.: indignity, insult, abuse

extorqueo, extorquere, extorsi, extorsus: tear away

semestris, -tre: half-yearly (six months in duration)

impetro, -are: obtain, succeed

simulatio, -onis, f.: pretense, deceit

quonam: to what place

pernicies, -iei, f.: disaster, ruin, destruction

sancio, sancire, sanxi, sanctus: confirm, ratify

accedo, accedere, accessi, accessus: approach, come near

1.10

invenio, invenire, inveni, inventus: find

postulatum, -i, n.: demand, request, claim

summa, -ae, f.: summit, main idea

quoad: as long as, until

intermitto, -mittere, -misi, -missum: interrupt, stop

1.11

condicio, -onis, f.: agreement, contract, proposal

excedo, excedere, excessi, excessus: withdraw, go beyond

definio, definire, definivi, definitum: define, bound, assign

perago, peragere, peregi, peractum: finish, complete

mendacium, -i, n.: lie, fraud

religio, -onis, f.: obligation, scruple, religious taboo

obstringo, obstringere, obstrinxi, obstrictus: bind, oblige, confine

adfero, adferre, adtuli, adlatus: convey, produce, cause

subsisto, subsistere, substiti, -: halt, stand, cause to stop

1.12

munio, munire, munivi, munitus: defend, fortify

erga: towards, opposite

adventus, - ūs, m.: arrival

diffido, diffidere, diffisus sum: distrust, despair, lack confidence

reduco, reducere, reduxi, reductus: lead back

circummitto, circummittere, circummisi, circummissus: send around to different parts

1.13

frequens, -quentis: crowded, numerous, full

mereor, mereri, meritus sum: earn, deserve

moenia, -ium: defensive walls, fortifications

proinde: hence, so then

desero, deserire, deserui, desertus: leave, abandon, withdraw

discedo, -cedere, -cessi, -cessum: withdraw, scatter, go off

deprendo, -prendere, -prendi, -prensum: sieze, catch, surprise

adduco, adducere, adduxi, adductus: lead up, bring to

1.14

repente: suddenly, unexpectedly

invado, invadere, invasi, invasus: enter, take posession of

aperio, aperire, aperui, apertus: open, uncover

profero, proferre, protuli, prolatum: bring forward

protinus: immediately

pridie: day before

citrā: on this side of

colligo, colligere, college, collectus: assemble, gather together

attribuo, attribuere, attribui, attributus: assign, grant

reprehendo, reprehendere, reprehendi, reprehensus: pass judgement on, hold back

custodia, -ae, f.: protection, safe-keeping

1.15

praefectura, -ae: office of a governor, prefecture

libens, -bentis: willing, cheerful

iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus: help, serve, please

exaedifico, -are: construct

cupidus, -a, -um: eager, passionate

abduco, abducere, abduxi, abductus: lead away, carry off

incido, incidere, incidi, -: come upon, meet

excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptus: folllow, receive, remove