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WALKER'S CAMPAIGN MAP FOR CAESAR, GALLIC WAR, BOOK 3

EXPLANATION OF CAMPAIGN MAP For the meaning of the colors, see the explanation of the campaign map for 1,1-29, facing page 42. The same territory is colored red as in the campaign map for Book II, facing page 162. In addition, a narrow strip leading into the Alps, most of the northwestern states, and three states of Aquitania are colored red. In all these cases it is difficult to decide on the coloring. It seems probable that Galba did not completely subdue the Nantuates, the Veragri, and the Seduni, but that he did secure the route through the Alps. It seems probable that all the revolting states in the northwest had sent so large a proportion of their ships and men to help the Veneti, that the defeat of the Venetan fleet amounted to a defeat of all the states. Hence they are colored red. The Redones are not mentioned among the revolting states. It is possible that all of Aquitania should be colored red; but it seems improbable that other states than the Sotiates, the Tamsates, and the Vocates were so largely represented in the armies defeated by Crassus as to make further resistance impossible. They are colored blue on the theory that they submitted only because they were discouraged by the fate of the states which did fight. Caesar's army had probably been quartered along the Liger (Loire). Therefore the routes on this map begin at the point of the probable winter quarters farthest east, where Orleans now stands. Marching westward, he picked up another part of his army, and then probably collected the whole of it at the point on the map from which four lines diverge, which is now the site of Angers. From that point he sent out Labienus, Crassus, and Sabinus, and himself marched against the Veneti. From the Veneti Caesar marched against the Morini and the Menapii, and was probably joined on the route by Sabinus and Crassus. (Arthur Tappan Walker, Caesar's Gallic War (Chicago: Scott, Foresman and Co. 1907), p. 213 [1])