Annotated Bibliography

• Baber, Kristine M. and Katherine R. Allen. Women and Families: Feminist Reconstructions. New York: The Guilford Press, 1992

Katherine R. Allen and Kristine M. Baber examine the role of women in families from a feminist point of view. This can be applied to the way women are perceived within Eudora Welty’s short story.

Izzy's Page

Nick's Page

• Cassady, Carolyn. “Cars I Have Known.” Ladies Start Your Engines. Ed. Elinor Nanuen. Boston: Faber & Faber, 1996.

Carolyn Cassady is the wife of the basis for Dean’s character in On The Road, Neal Cassady. In her short memior, Cassady discusses the different automobiles that she and her family have owned over the years. Her perspective on the different vehicles and the emotions that they memory provokes are an interesting take for women and travel.

Nick's Page

• Clarke, Deborah. Domesticating the Car: Women’s Road Trips. Studies in American Fiction. 32.1 (2004): 101-128.

Deborah Clarke examines the affects of travel on women as well as women’s literature. She asserts that since women have begun to travel, much has opened up for them socially as well as literarily. She argues that travel has not only opened women up to new experience and empowerment but also changed women’s literature through their new-found freedom.

Sylvia's Page

Caroline's Page

Zach's Page

• Culkin, Kate. “The Family Car.” Ladies Start Your Engines. Ed. Elinor Nanuen. Boston: Faber & Faber, 1996.

Kate Culkin’s short story “The Family Car” explores the road from a female perspective. Through Culkin’s vivid imagery and play off of societal stereotypes, she presents the road as a tool to empower women.

Caroline's Page

• Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Power Trips and Other Journeys: Essays in Feminism as Civic Discourse. Madison: The University of Wisonsin Press, 1990.

Elshtain discusses throughout these essays the power and the independence that women strive for and their relationship to the woman's life. Elshtain discusses the social experiences that women face, and how these experiences aid in their identity construction. This source will be used to contrast the powerful female and the traditional female characters in "In the Driver's Seat."

Sylvia's Page

• Freidan, Betty. The Feminine Mystique. New York: Norton Publishers Inc., 1963.

In Betty Freidan’s work, The Feminine Mystique, Freidan examines the roles of women in society and what they can do to change them. She outlines the feminist movements and looks at key figures within them. She writes of the voice within every woman to transcend the roles they were put in and become true beings.

Caroline's Page

Sylvia's Page

Izzy's Page

• Harrs, Norma. "In the Driver's Seat." Ladies, Start Your Engines. Ed. Elinor Nanuen. Boston: Faber & Faber, 1996.

The contrast between the "traditional" female character and the feminist character in the story will be examined by using this as a primary source. Travel and the automobile will be ananlyzed and how they aidin creating the feminist protagonist's independent nature.

Sylvia's Page

• Inness, Sherrie A. On the Road and In the Air: Gender and Technology in Girls’ Automobile and Airplane Serials. Journal of Popular Culture. 30 (1996): 47-60.

Sherrie A. Inness explores the road as a domain made feminine by technology. She begins to due this by exploring history of women and the automobile. She concludes that through feminization of the automobile and mass media the automobile the road was opened up to women in America.

Caroline's Page

• Mcalpin, Sara. “Family in Eudora Welty's fiction”. The Southern Review. Baton Rouge, La.v. 18 (July 1982) p. 480-94

In this article, Mcalpin analyzes the structures of family in two of Eudora Welty’s works. Through this analysis, family roles, significantly the role of females, are seen and can be applied to another of Welty’s works: “One Writer’s Beginnings.”

Izzy's Page

• McDowell, Linda. Gender, Identity, and Place: Understanding Feminist Geographies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999.

McDowell examines the realtionship between gender and geography. She writes about the social construction of gender, what is associated with each sex, and how these perceptions have changed over time. McDowell examines how one's identity is influenced by place. This source will be used to show how feminism and movement are related as they pertain to the protagonist in "In the Driver's Seat."

Sylvia's Page

Nick's Page

• Mitchell, Juliet and Ann Oakley, eds. What is Feminism: a Re-examination. New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.

This book has several chapters that will be of use in that they examine the very basic ideas of feminism, and give a history of the ideals and movements. These chapters will provide some background support to the idea of women and their role in travel.

Nick's Page

Izzy's Page

• Morris, Mary. Maiden Voyagers: Writings of Women Travelers. New York: Vintage Books, 1993.

Mary Morris begins her work by discussing the role of women in travel. She outlines how women have changed through travel as well as how women’s literature has evolved due to travel. She argues that due to women’s new-found mobility, women have gained a greater sense of self and no longer need to fulfill the old roles given to them by society.

Caroline's Page

• Nagl-Docekal, Herta. Feminist Philosophy. Trans. Katharina Vester. Boulder: Westview Press, 2004.

This book provides a modern take on feminism and the philosophy behind the movement. The different chapters about the philosophy and theory questions about feminism will help create a basis on which support for a thesis can be extracted.

Nick's Page

• Owen, Maureen. “The Confession.” Ladies Start Your Engines. Ed. Elinor Nanuer. Boston: Faber and Faber, 1996.

In this poem, Owen expresses thoughts regarding women’s independence and autonomous ideals relating to women’s travels. The conceptions of women and how they are perceived by men are also examined in the text.

Zach's Page

• Pollock, Mordeca. The Women’s Movement. New York: Halsted Press, 1972. Each woman must come to terms with herself as a person. American society and social movements of women’s liberation are the main topics displayed in the text. Relevant to the topic is the historical treatment of women in juxtaposition to their changing role in today’s society.

Zach's Page

• Sahai, S.N. Women In Changing Society. Delhi: Mittal Publications, 1985.

The text deals with all women in current society fighting the remnants of the older societal values. Also, the text explains women at their positions in general society. Relevant to my topic, is women’s constant struggle to function and survive in the world by today’s standards.

Zach's Page

• Welty, Eudora. “One Writer’s Beginning”. Ladies Start Your Engines. Elinor Nanuen. Boston: Faber & Faber, 1996

In this short story, Eudora Welty depicts a family on a car trip. By means of a travel story, the passive role of the women in family circa 1917 is illustrated.

Izzy's Page

---

Gender Minority Links

• Feminism and Repression of Women

• Women on the Road

• Paper Summaries

• Annotated Bibliography

________________________

Class Links

• Born to Run

• Gender Minority