Introduction to Happiness

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Home | Introduction to Happiness | Utility | Important Economists | Richard Layard | Layard's Lectures | Sweden


What is happiness?

  • According to Princeton University, happiness is the "state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy."


Most economists take it as a matter of course that higher income leads to higher happiness. And why not? A higher income expands individuals' and countries' opportunity set; that is, more goods and services can be consumed. The few people not interested in more comodities need not consume them; they have the freedom to dispose of any unwanted surplus free of charge. It therefore seems obvious that income and happiness go together (provided, of course, that the two are correctly measured). Consequently, economics textbooks do not even make an effort to come up with a reason, but simply state that utility 'U' is raised by income 'Y'.